10
Blast furnace, coal, cast iron and rolling
Earth parallel: 1400–1780. Goal: iron by the ton instead of by the lump — liquid iron that can be poured, and plate that can be rolled.
| ID | Achievement | About year |
|---|---|---|
| 10.01 | Coal mine ⚠fuel that does not depend on the forest | 20 |
| 10.02 | Firebrickbricks that stand furnace heat for months | 20 |
| 10.03 | Coke ⚠coal baked free of smoke and sulphur; strong enough to carry a tall furnace charge | 20 |
| 10.04 | Mine safety lampa flame behind fine wire gauze that cannot fire mine gas | 21 |
| 10.05 | Mine ventilationa second shaft and air doors draw fresh air through the workings | 21 |
| 10.06 | Pit poniessmall horses haul the tubs underground and along the wagonway | 21 |
| 10.07 | Water-powered piston blowerfar more air than any bellows | 21 |
| 10.08 | Blast furnace ⚠a tall stone stack lined with firebrick, run for months without stopping | 21 |
| 10.09 | Pig iron ⚠iron tapped as a liquid and run into sand channels | 22 |
| 10.10 | Sand moulding with wooden patternsthe foundry method | 22 |
| 10.11 | Cupola remelting furnace | 22 |
| 10.12 | Iron castingspots, stoves, pipes, anvils, weights | 22 |
| 10.13 | Cast iron gears, shafts and machine framesmills rebuilt in iron | 22 |
| 10.14 | Hot blast stoveheats the furnace air and saves a third of the fuel | 23 |
| 10.15 | Puddling furnace ⚠turns brittle pig iron into tough wrought iron in bulk | 23 |
| 10.16 | Water-driven shingling hammersqueezes the slag from puddled iron | 23 |
| 10.17 | Rolling mill ⚠iron squeezed between turning rolls | 23 |
| 10.18 | Rolled bar, rod and rail | 24 |
| 10.19 | Iron plate and sheetthe material of boilers | 24 |
| 10.20 | Iron railway track and flanged wheelshorse-drawn at first | 24 |
| 10.21 | Tinplaterust-proof sheet for cans, lamps and vessels | 24 |
| 10.22 | Welded iron pipe | 24 |
| 10.23 | Wire ropefor mine hoists and cranes | 25 |
| 10.24 | Rolled copper sheet, rod and long drawn wire | 25 |
| 10.25 | Brasscopper melted with zinc ore | 25 |
| 10.26 | Crucible cast steelsteel fully melted, so it is the same all the way through | 25 |
| 10.27 | Cast-steel cutting tools and springs | 25 |
| 10.28 | Tungsten tool steelcutting tools that keep their edge when they run hot | 26 |
| 10.29 | Cast-iron stove and kitchen rangea closed fire, a steady oven and a safe chimney | 26 |
| 10.30 | Iron water pipes and a hand pump at every house | 26 |