16
The builder's tools: spanners, pneumatic hammer and construction crane
Earth parallel: 1880–1910. Goal: the tools that let a few people put up steel frames, bridges and towers: every nut turned, every plate joined, every load lifted.
| ID | Achievement | About year |
|---|---|---|
| 16.01 | Rolled steel girders and anglesthe long beams and corner bars that every frame, crane and bridge is built from | 51 |
| 16.02 | Spanners and wrenchesa forged steel key for every standard nut, and one that adjusts | 51 |
| 16.03 | Pliers, screwdrivers and wire cuttersthe hand tools of the fitter and the electrician, with handles that do not carry current | 51 |
| 16.04 | Screw jack and hydraulic jackone person lifts a wagon, a girder or the corner of a building | 52 |
| 16.05 | Chain hoista geared chain block: one hand on the chain lifts a ton and holds it | 52 |
| 16.06 | Scaffolding and ladderssafe footing up the side of anything being built | 52 |
| 16.07 | Safety helmet and harnessa hard hat against what falls, a belt and line against falling | 52 |
| 16.08 | Portable electric drilla motor held in the hand: the hole is drilled where the work stands | 53 |
| 16.09 | Electric arc welding ⚠steel melted to steel in an electric arc; the weld begins to replace the rivet | 53 |
| 16.10 | Calcium carbide and acetylene ⚠lime and coke melted together in an electric furnace; in water the grey lumps give off a gas that burns white-hot | 54 |
| 16.11 | Gas welding and cutting torch ⚠acetylene burnt in pure oxygen: a flame that welds thin plate and cuts thick steel | 55 |
| 16.12 | Pneumatic hammera piston driven by compressed air strikes thousands of blows a minute: rivets closed, castings chipped, concrete broken | 55 |
| 16.13 | Pneumatic rock drill ⚠the air hammer turning a long steel bit: shot holes in rock in minutes, for mines, cuttings and tunnels | 56 |
| 16.14 | Paint spray gunpaint blown on as a fine mist: a bridge painted in days | 56 |
| 16.15 | Construction crane ⚠a tall steel tower with a long jib and electric winches: lifts girders to the top of a rising frame | 58 |